心理干预对儿童诊疗性疼痛的影响(医学论文范文)

心理干预对儿童诊疗性疼痛的影响(医学论文范文)

【摘要】　　目的 探讨干预对不同个性特征儿童诊疗性疼痛的影响。方法 在住院7～13岁非危重症患儿中随机抽取70名，分别在入院第1～5天的每天静脉穿刺后进行疼痛评估(采用自评法和他评法);入院第1天进行艾森克个性问卷(儿童版)个性特征评估;第2～5天实行心理干预。对3种不同个性(外向型、中间型、内向型)儿童，情绪稳定型及不稳定型儿童分别进行心理干预前后(第1天与第5天)疼痛强度的比较。结果 诊疗性疼痛强度随着心理干预的实施，住院天数的增加逐渐减轻;中间型及内向型儿童，实行心理干预前后疼痛强度比较差异有显着性(P0.05)。情绪稳定型及不稳定型儿童，实行心理干预前后疼痛强度比较差异有显着性(P0.05)。结论 心理干预可减轻诊疗性疼痛的强度;心理干预对中间型及内向型个性儿童的诊疗性疼痛有明显的效果;可降低情绪稳定及不稳定型儿童诊疗性疼痛的强度。

【关键词】   心理干预 个性特征 儿童 诊疗性疼痛

　Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of psychological intervention on therapeutic pain in 70 cases of hospitalized 7～13?years?old children with different personality characteristics. Methods 70 cases of hospitalized non?critically ill children patients were randomly selected for the study. The pain assessment after venipuncture was conducted in the 1st day and 5th day by self?evaluation and preceptor evaluation; the personality traits were evaluated with Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (JEPQ) in the 1st day after admission; with psychological intervention between the 2nd and 5th days. Therapeutic pain intensities of the children with introvert,extrovert,and ambivert personality traits and children with stable and unstable emotions in the 1st and 5th days after admission (before and after admission) were compared. Results Therapeutic pain intensities tended to alleviate with psychological intervention and ongoing hospitalization days; particularly in the introvert and ambivert children and the children with stable and unstable emotions,comparison of therapeutic pain intensities before and after psychological intervention were statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion Psychological intervention could alleviate therapeutic pain in children,particularly in introvert and extrovert children; and therapeutic pain intensities in children with stable and unstable emotions could be relieved by psychological intervention.

　　Key words:psychological intervention; personality trait; children; therapeutic pain

　　诊疗性疼痛(therapeutic pain)是指患者在住院后需进行输液、肌肉注射、抽血等侵入性 治疗 所造成的急性疼痛。儿童诊疗性疼痛属于轻中度的急性疼痛，过程短暂，不适宜止痛药物等进行干预，但因其周期性的诊疗疼痛刺激，容易导致儿童对诊断和治疗的恐惧和抗拒，如“白大衣现象”等，对儿童健康心智的形成造成一定的负面影响。本文对70例7～13岁住院患儿采用了心理干预,探讨心理干预对不同个性特征患儿诊疗性疼痛的影响。

　　 1 资料与方法

　　1.1 一般资料

　　选择在广东省韶关市粤北人民 医院 儿科住院、 每日均需静脉输液的7～13岁非危重症患儿70例为研究对象。其中男性44例(62.9%)，女性26例(37.1%);居住 农村 34例(48.6%)，城市36例(51.4%);年龄(9.87±1.96)岁，其中， 7岁12例(17.1%)、～8岁11例(15.7%)、～9岁4例(5.7%)、～10岁13例(18.6%)、～11岁13例(18.6%)、～12岁11例(15.7%)、～13岁6例(8.6%)。男女之间疼痛强度比较,差异无显着性;各年龄段疼痛强度差异无显着性(P0.05)，具有可比性。排除标准：患各类疼痛症状的原发性疾病者。(责任编辑：一枝笔写作)